W2D 590 Organizational behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

W2D 590 Organizational behavior - Essay Example le include actions and decisions made by employees, managers, and shareholders and their interactions and interrelationships with customers, community members, suppliers, investors, as well as government agencies which monitor their adherence to prescribed laws and regulations. The behavior in the US Army Recruiting command is expected and perceived to be positive given the crucial role and responsibilities for recruiting qualified people to join the U.S. Army. As emphasized, â€Å"bringing quality young men and women into the Army - people who will complete their tours of duty and make a contribution to the Nation’s defense - is the objective of the U.S. Army Recruiting Command as it goes about the mission of providing the strength for America’s Army† (U.S. Army Recruiting Command, 2014, p. 1). As such, the qualified recruiters are highly competent to locate and screen men and women who have the genuine desire to become members of the U.S. Army. The skills and qualifications that these men possess should fit the personnel requirements of the organization. Therefore, organizational behavior provides these recruiters with the theoretical frameworks for the function of acquisition, maintenance, development, and job organization which con tributes to the performance and productivity of the employees (Martires & Fule, 2004). Knowledge on the application of leadership theories, including application of leadership skills, styles, motivational strategies, communication, change management, and conflict resolution, among others, assist in providing job satisfaction and high

Mathematics in Our World Essay Example for Free

Mathematics in Our World Essay This is a type of service offered by financial firms such as credit unions, banks, savings and loans firms. Advantages It enables people to withdraw their money from a federally protected account. While banks vary as regards terms of check accounts, it has another advantage that holders of checking accounts pay debts with personal checks as substitute for cash. Further, holders can use automated teller machine cards or electronic debit cards to make withdrawal or access individual accounts (Marce, 2009). Therefore this will be a choice if the money is needed to be spent on regular basis. This lies in the fact that with $1000, there is no accruing interest on deposited funds. The other disadvantage is that a penalty is applied if one falls below a minimum. One may also be charged fee depending on the policy of the bank. SECTION B Money market account is similar to regular savings account. It is a form of savings offered by credit union (Baztelsmit, 2007). The difference lies in the fact that on the contrary, they give opportunity for only 3-6 withdrawal in a month and they also offer great interest rates. Its advantage over checking account is that interest is earned on funds deposited. Also, one can write up to 3 checks in a month in money market account. Disadvantages Their minimum balance requirements are higher and can be up to $1500 $2500. The other disadvantage lies in that there is no guarantee return. The expected amount to be earned is not guaranteed and possibility of losing money in such account exists in rare case (Marce, 2009). SECTION C The Passbook This is good especially for investors who don’t need monthly statement and transact infrequently. This form of investment means is a midway option used by some individuals. Advantages Passbooks are updated with information from time to time. It is a liquid account in that fund is readily available and accessible to holders just like in checking account, although, unlike checking accounts, interest here is nominal and small (Baztelsmit, 2007). Disadvantage Deposited money could earn a higher return. SECTION D Certificate of Deposit This is a financial product usually offered to investors by credit unions, banks and thrift institutions. Advantage Banks offer a fixed interest rate having agreed to lock certain funds for a set period of time. Interest rate also increases with increasing period of time the money is locked which varies and can be between a month and ten years. Another advantage is that CDs are insured by FDIC for banks or by NCGA for credit unions and are almost risk-free (Marce, 2009). Disadvantage A major disadvantage of CD is that it’s not a good option if the money to be invested will be needed anytime as withdrawal of money before maturity date attracts heavy penalty. The type of account I have chosen and why I have chosen that account Considering the fact that I have $1000 to invest, the best option for me to invest would probably be the Certificate of Deposits. My reason for this is that I have committed the amount for long term investment and do not need to withdraw funds constantly. It gives me the best and highest return on my investment over the shortest possible period of time (Baztelsmit, 2007). If I had needed to withdraw money frequently, money market would have been my choice account. Furthermore, certain bank allow further investment to be made on this principal fund over time and in this way are a mirror image of savings account and so allows me to deposit additional money. References Marce, (2009). What is Certificate of Deposit? Retrieved on August 7, 2010 from. Baztelsmit (2007). Managing your cash and savings: Case management strategy. Retrieved in August 7, 2010 from www. willey. com.

The Hippopotamus: Endangered Species Report :: essays research papers fc

The Hippopotamus: Endangered Species Report Jason Wapiennik Mr. Trippeer, Biology January 6th, 1997 The ban on elephant ivory trading has slowed down the poaching of elephants, but now poachers are getting their ivory from another creature, the hippopotamus. For the poacher, the hippo is an easy target. They stay together for long hours in muddy water pools, as many as eighty-one can be found in a single square mile. This concentration is so big it's only second to that of the elephant. Poachers kill the animal, then pick out the teeth and sell them for as much as seventy dollars per kilo. This is a very cheap price. Elephant ivory sells for as much as five-hundred dollars per kilo. The reason the price-per-kilo is so slow is because hippo ivory is very brittle compared to the much stronger elephant ivory. Elephant ivory is no longer at the biggest risk for poaching; hippo ivory is. Eastern Zaire once had one of the largest hippo populations in the world, around 23,000 hippos. According to a count done in 1994, this number has now dropped to 11,000. The 1989 ban on elephant ivory is the main cause attributed to the exponential rise to hippo ivory trade. "European and African activists are petitioning advocacy groups, including last week's annual Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species in Florida, for a ban on hippo poaching. But they say they're a long way from putting an end to the slaughter." (Howard & Koehl) The hippopotamus is an enormous amphibious animal with smooth, hairless skin. Hippos can be found in Liberia, the Ivory Coast, and a few can also be found in Sierra Leone and Guinea. Hippos used to be found anywhere south of the Sahara Desert where they could find enough water and plenty of room to graze. Now, due to poachers and predation they are confined to protected areas, but they can still sometimes be seen in many major rivers and swamps. Hippos need water that is deep enough to cover them, but it also has to be very close to a pasture. They must wallow in the water because their thin, hairless skin is vulnerable to overheating and dehydration. Hippos were once thought to sweat blood. Actually, hippos secrete a pinkish colored oil that helps them keep their skin moist in the hot African climate. Hippos are herbivores. They prefer the short grass of African plains to any other possible food. They normally eat up to eighty-eight pounds of this grass nightly, which they mow away a large patch at a time with their twenty-inch

Cb Prepartions

Exam: 3hours, 19/50 =15. 2/40 (-31) Section A: MCQ (20m) Section B: Choose 2 from 3 Questions (15m each) 1. Describe the type of promotional message that would be most suitable for each of the following personality market segments: (a) highly dogmatic consumers, (b) inner-directed consumers, (c) consumers with high optimum stimulation levels, (d) consumers with a high need for cognition, and (e) consumers who are visualizers versus consumers who are verbalizers. Give an example of a promotional message for each segment.Social character traits have shown that inner and other-directed consumers may have different preferences in terms of promotional messages. Inner-directed people prefer advertisements that stress personal benefits while other-directed people seem to prefer advertisements that feature social acceptance. (a) HIGHLY DOGMATIC CUSTOMERS: It is a personality trait that measures the degree of rigidity (versus openness) that individuals display towards unfamiliar and towards i nformation that is contrary to their own established beliefs. Dogmatism: general tendency to be open or closed to new ideas and innovations.A person who is high in dogmatism approaches the unfamiliar defensively while the person who is low in dogmatism will rarely consider unfamiliar or opposing beliefs. * more receptive is Ads for new products or services that contains an appeal from the authoritative figure. Marketer uses celebrities and experts to their new product advertising for making it easier for the potentially reluctant customers. * Highly dogmatic consumers are likely to respond favorably to a new product when the advertising message is presented in an authoritarian manner (e. g. celebrity endorsement or expert testimonials). * prefer traditional or established products rather than innovative ones. close minded towards unfamiliar and untoward information that is contrary to their own established beliefs * approach such information with considerable discomfort and uncertai nty. promotional message most suitable would be endorsement or appeal from an authoritative figure. * New products need to be presented in an authoritative manner and that celebrities could be employed to reach dogmatic consumers who are more closed minded. For example: Colgate Dental Cream with Doctors and Experts endorsements. Anti-Polio Campaign featuring Amitabh and Sachin Tendulkar also useAuthoritative statements. The Cadbury’s brand took a beatng in sales after the worms were found in somepackets. Dogmatic Consumers stopped purchasing the Brand. Amitabh Bacchhanwas then used as Authority figure to reestablish Brand. b) Inner-directed consumers * tend to use their own values and standards in evaluating a new product * ads aimed at them should depict the attainment of personal achievement and satisfaction. ads that stress product features and benefits, which enable them to usetheir own values and standards in evaluating products * rely on their own inner values or standa rds in evaluating new products and are likely to be the consumer innovators. * other directed customers tend to look to others for guidance as to what is appropriate or what is inappropriate. * be prefer ads that stress product features and personal benefits ( enabling them to use their own values and standards in evaluating products whereas the other * For example: Surf Ad showing Shabana Azmi saving two buckets of water is an example of the same.The latest from Surf Excel is currently running on television. This is the ad where many people are seen walking with two buckets full of water. They then pour it into a large reservoir. At this point none other than Shabana Azmi informs you what a great thing thissaving of water is for the country and implores you to use Surf Excel. * manufacturer of cameras who advertises to inner-directed consumers should stress the ability to take better pictures and the resulting personal satisfaction. c) Consumers with a high optimum stimulation leve l * more open to risk-taking, more likely to be innovative have a greater willingness to take risks, try products with many novel features, and shop in new retail outlets. * likely to respond favorably to promotional messages stressing more rather than less risk, novelty,or excitement. * to seek purchase related information and to accept new retail facilities. * For example: The exciting and exotic Vacation Campaign of Malasia-Truly Asia is positioning of  Airways to sell the Asian Adventures. These enjoy thinking. They are responsive to that part of Ad that is rich in Information. The TATA-AIG Life insurance Ad showing Naseeruddin Shah giving informationthough Q&A will click for them. benefit of new product offering should not only consider functional features but also the risk, novelty and variety that the product offers. * place different promotional emphasis on particular age segments, as it may be worthwhile to reduce perceived risk for a market segment comprised primarily of older people, while it may not warrant it for a younger market segment. d) Consumers with a high need for cognition * ones who often crave or enjoy thinking. * responsive to ads that are rich in product-related information or description and are unresponsive to the auxiliary or contextual aspects of an advertisement. Need for cognition: stable individual difference in tendency to engage in and enjoy effortful cognitive activity. Individuals high in need for cognition enjoy thinking abstractly. * high-NFC individuals are likely to express more favorable ad attitudes, brand attitudes and purchase intention. * more likely to use message content as a basis for judgments * high NFC leads to the generation of inferences about omitted conclusions ), to less memory decay and greater resistance to counterarguments about products), and to longer processing and superior recall for brands and claims individuals who are high in need for cognition would be expected to be critical thinkers, and t o not necessarily accept arguments found in media or elsewhere on face value. * should be more difficult to persuade, a phenomenon that can be investigated several ways. * high-NFC individuals did so only when the signal was accompanied by a substantial price reduction. * process information presented in the media more thoroughly than those who do not enjoy thinking as much, able to retrieve from memory more information * individuals with higher NFC, who are assumed to process information more extensively, would be expected to generate more thoughts. counterarguing and source derogations are prevalent in advertising and that support arguments are critical if persuasive messages are to have a chance of acceptance * high-NFC would be expected to engage in a wide range of media consumption activities, and would not necessarily be expected to differentiate between sources of information, such as news, advertising or entertainment. All would be stimulating. high NFC individuals are more likely to closely scrutinize the arguments contained in any message, campaign strategists must make sure that arguments are strong in order to cope with the higher resistance to messages by this group * appear to be the ones already predisposed to watch or listen to issue, image or financial advertising featuring long copy. The challenge for strategists thus is to enhance the already high motivation of high-NFC indivduals, by highlighting the relevance of messages, and to enhance the ability and opportunities to process such messages. Example: (e) consumers who are visualizers versus consumers who are verbalizers. * Verbal aggressiveness: tendency to insult and attack others' self-concepts to achieve one's objectives in an argument. * Visualisers (i. e. , consumers who prefer visual information, products that stress the visual) * Morning Dew Ad where there is a race with a Cheetah is a visual treat * detailed descriptions and explanations in targeting verbalizers (i. e. , consumers who prefer written and verbal product information). ‘Do the Dew†Verbalizers prefer verbal dimensions to the promotional message. * The Oye Bubbly Jingle of Pepsi is a Verbal treat to the ear, though it conveys nothing much about the product. 2. A marketer of health foods is attempting to segment a certain market on the basis of consumer self-image. Describe the four types of consumer self-image and discuss which segment would be most effective to target for health foods. In Self-concept theory personality is exemplified by the kinds of things with which people surround themselves.The self-concept has shown to be multi-dimensional and encompasses the way a person actually is, the way individuals see themselves, the way a person would like to be, and the way in which individuals think others perceive them. Theories of self-concept have generally focused on two areas in marketing research. In the one, self concept has been applied to the discrepancy between the self and the ideal self as a measure of personal dissatisfaction. In this instance, product use has been related to items that deal specifically with self enhancement.Consumers have four types of image. 1. Actual self image-how consumers in fact see themselves. In Everyday house hold products, they see themselves in Reality. For example,Washing powders Ads would be realistic. Nirma Powder focuses on Housewives ability to get more for less money. 2. Ideal self Image-how consumers would like to see themselves. In case of Fantasy Products, consumers desire to see themselves perfect, as in case of  Women, Fairness or looking Pretty is high on desire list. The fair and Lovely campaign for fairness cream sells this dream. . Social Self Image-how consumers feel others see them. Here there is an inherent fear factor also involved as to how they are being perceived by others. For example Products which position themselves on social front, showing appropriate behaviour at parties etc appeal here. 4. Id eal Social Self image-how consumers would like others to see them. For Example, Aashirwad ready to cook products and Sambhar Masala Product campaign show the desire of Wives to be seen as a great cook by others.However, since they are working or busy, they do not have time to cook themselves. That is when the Brandcomes to rescue. And finally they are seen as Ideal Wives. There are two more categories of Self-image: Expected Self image-how consumers expect to see themselves at some specified futuretime. The ABKING PRO Ad for machine to slim down people hypes this expectation of  individuals that they will slim down and look good in Future. 5. expected self-image (e. g. , how consumers expect to see themselves at some specified future time) . ought-to self (e. g. , consists of traits or characteristics that an individual believes it is his or her duty or obligation to possess). Ought to self image-traits consumer thinks he ought to have. The Ashrwad readymeal Adis a hit for the wiv es feel that good cooking is a trait they ought to have. The expected self-image is somewhere between the actual and ideal self-images. It is somewhat like a future-oriented combination of â€Å"what is† (the actual self-image) and what consumers would like â€Å"to be† (the ideal self-image).Moreover, because the expected self-image provides consumers with a realistic â€Å"opportunity† to change the â€Å"self,† it is likely to be more valuable to marketers than the actual or ideal self-image as a guide for designing and promoting products. In targeting consumers of health foods, the marketer can use the expected self-image to attract consumers who would like to enhance the quality of their lifestyles through better nutrition, and ideal social self-image to appeal to consumers who are likely to adopt health foods due to peer influence and pressure. Advertisers focus on components that make people feel better about themselves.Many decisions based on look ing glass and ideal self–ie. Aspiring to group not yet reached–image appeal Psychographic info enhances demographic info– people individuals 3. How can Toshiba use the diffusion of innovations framework to develop promotional, pricing, and distribution strategies for its computer notebooks targeted to the following adopter categories? a. Innovators b. Early adopters c. Early majority d. Late majority e. Laggards * In term of the nature, there are five major types of innovations: novelty, competence shifting, complexity, robust design and continuous improvement.While in term of the extent of change, innovations can be divided into incremental, radical and transformational models. Innovation deals with the change related to product, service and process, and the innovation management involve people, product, process and technology† * diffusion is defined as a process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members o f a social system * innovation as â€Å"an idea, practice, or object that is perceived as â€Å"new† by an individual or other unit of adoption. * company will usually sell the hardware at a relatively lower price to capture a share of the market, and then charge relatively higher prices for the software to maximize profitability * Based upon the time variable, individuals seeking new innovations are placed into adopter categories, according to the rate of adoption. Rate of adoption is the â€Å"relative speed with which an innovation is adopted by members of a social system. † * the rate of adoption is the relative speed in which members of society adopt an innovation. It is usually measured as the number of people who adopt an innovation within a specified time-line. Some companies have a defensive strategy and aim to follow the leader. Such companies hope to profit from the mistakes of the first-to-market company by devising incremental design and performance impro vements and cost reductions compared with the original product. In addition they hope to exploit the new market that has started to grow, so timing is important. * But it was the major Japanese companies (such as Sony, JVC, Toshiba) that captured a large share of the mass market through reducing the cost of these devices and improving their performance. (a) Innovators: Venturesome [1st group to adopt]Rogers describes innovators as obsessed with being venturesome. They have an interest in new ideas and innovation and have generally very cosmopolitan type social relationships. Innovators generally have communication patterns and friendships among a certain clique of innovators even though their geographic distance between each other may be very significant. Innovators must be very financially secure in order to absorb a possible loss from an innovation that doesn’t turn into fruition. Likewise, an innovator must have a sound educational background, in order to comprehend a comp lex technical terminology.Furthermore, an innovator must be able to cope with a degree of uncertainty whether the innovation will be adopted by society. Ultimately, Rogers believes the innovator takes risks in being the gatekeeper of innovations, but if the innovation is adopted the rewards are high. Early Adopters: Respect [2nd group to adopt] more integrated in the local society than the innovator. Where an innovator is considered a cosmopolite, an early adopter is a localite. Early adopters have the greatest degree of leadership in most localities. Most potential adopters look to the early adopter for advice and information regarding an innovation.Generally, early adopters are respected and considered successful by their peers. The early adopter is the main group that decreases uncertainty of an innovation by adopting it, and then communicating with potential adopters about the idea. Early Majority: Deliberate [3rd group to adopt] Rogers suggest that the early majority group adop ts new innovations just before the average member of society. Members of the early majority frequently interact with people in their society, but usually do not hold key positions of leadership. The early majority is the largest group and make up approximately one-third of members in a society.The early majority follows with deliberate willingness to adopt an idea, but are rarely leaders. Late Majority: Skeptical [4th group to adopt] Rogers states that the members of the late majority adopt innovations just after the average member of society. The late majority also makes up approximately one-third of members in a social system. Members of the late majority are cautious and skeptical about new innovations. Most of the uncertainty surrounding an innovation must be removed before the late majority will adopt the new idea. Laggards: Traditional [last group to adopt]Laggards are the last group in society to adopt a new idea. Generally, they possess almost no positions of leadership with in their community. Laggards’ point of reference is the past, they are very cautious and only make decisions based on what has already been done. Usually, laggards’ educational and financial resources are limited, forcing them to be completely certain the innovation will not fail before they adopt. These are the traditional categories of society members with respect to the adoption of new ideas and innovations. The diffusion of innovations follows a common life cycle. 82 However, the period over which this trend occurs varies greatly due to a number of factors. 183 By the end of the 20th century many of the following innovations were adopted by society at a much greater rate. 184 For example, the PC, Internet, and cell phone, which are all relatively new products, have steeper gradients when compared to automobiles, electricity and traditional telephones. Price is one of the most important factors involved in adoption of consumer products. This pricing policy pattern c an be used to predict the rate of adoption of new innovations.When it comes to consumers’ rate of adoption to innovations, new technologies succeed at a faster rate than replacement technologies. An early adopting individual may decide to adopt in anticipation that the innovation’s rate of adoption will take off in the near future when others adopt, although past diffusion research suggest that most individuals do not adopt an innovation until after learning of their peers’ successful experiences. † The diffusion of an innovation among the consumers can usually be presented by an s-shaped curve.On a frequency basis the adoption over time will normally follow a bell-shaped curve, but when plotted on a cumulative basis the adoption will form an scurve. 9 The s-curve reflects the acceleration of the adoption. At the early stage the curve is rising slowly meaning relatively few adopters pr. time-period (x-axis). At about the middle of the adoption period the a cceleration peaks and then fades as the percentage of adopters goes up. This course of events is typical for the adoption of new technologies. The logic behind this diffusion lies in the actual number of adopters.The early adopters will be a majority compared to the people who have not yet adopted the technology and therefore there are less people to preach the virtues of the new technology to potential adopters. At the point where the adoption process reaches 50 % the number of adopters equals the number of potential adopters, by definition, thus providing maximal acceleration of the adoption. In the last period, adopters outnumber the people who has not yet adopted, and there will be less people to convince to adopt the technology – slowing down the acceleration of the adoption process.The adopters are often divided into adoption groups. These groups are usually formed on the basis of innovativeness, meaning to which degree each individual is willing adopt new technologies, relative to other members of the social system. From this measure individuals can be placed into groups containing a certain range of innovativeness. The distribution is based on a mean and to which degree individuals’ deviate from the mean (standard deviation). Innovators are the first group of adopters and can be associated with the word venturesome.The individuals representing this group are adventurous and often related to entrepreneurial environments. The innovators run the risk that the innovation does not catch on, and thus subject themselves to a potential loss they must be prepared to absorb. Therefore innovators have to live with the uncertainty about the potentials of the technology, which can be viewed upon as the price to pay for being pioneers in a new field – catalyzing the diffusion of new technologies.The early adopters are ready to adopt a new technology when they observe that other individuals has started adopting, and sees the potential for being s ome of the first adopters of a new and promising technology. These individuals are often a more integrated part of the local society than the innovators, and their adoptions are crucial for the technology to take off and get hold of the broad public. For the early adopters the uncertainties about the merits of the new technology are strongly diminished, and can therefore adopt the new technology without running the risk of buying a young and untested technology.This group accounts for about one third of the total number of adopters, and provide the link between the progressive early adopters and the more skeptical later adopters. In the latter half of the spectrum the late majority also represent about a third of the adopters. This group is skeptical to new innovations, and is not willing to adopt, until a lot of other people have adopted before them ensuring the success of the technology and possibly massive network effects. The last 16 % of the adopters, the laggards, often focus on traditional values and base their decisions on past events.They are suspicious of any new inventions to change the way life are traditionally lived, and must be 100 % certain that the technology will prevail before they are willing to adopt. From a consumers’ point of view it is essential to think about the decisions of future adopters when choosing what technology to go with. The decisions of previous adopters are on the other hand a know factor and plays a role for the decision also. So does the structure of the market, i. e. which technologies are available at the time of adoption, compared to potential superior technologies that could be available in the future.Recent findings indicate that there is a lack of willingness to wait by the early adopters. 11 This high priority of being among the very first users of a new technology is said to inflict negative externalities on the later adopters. These later adopters can be forced to adopt an inferior technology to make sur e that they are compatible with the technologies of the early adopters, or they might be forced to give up compatibility to get a superior technology. That said the diffusion of new technologies is often strongly dependent on the choices of the early adopters.

Election in the Philippines Essay

â€Å"It is our choices that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities,† said Dumbledore of one of my favourite books, Harry Potter. Was my ‘direct speech’ properly-written? *stereotypical-cheerleader-giggle* Being a democratic country, we are given the opportunity to choose our country’s leaders in a marvel called ‘election’. But in a country where officials use their position for graft and corruption and enjoy a monopoly of political power to the disadvantage of rival leaders called â€Å"political dynasty†. Some of them even resort to unfair if not illegal means to keep their political rivals out of office: corruption, fraud, violence, vote-buying and intimidation. Graft and corruption in the Philippines has long been a topic of concern for those interested in improving the conditions in the area. The corruption of government officials and the failure of governmental leaders to use their position of power wisely has led to ongoing financial hardship throughout the nation and restricted its economic growth and cultural development. Since its inception, the Philippines has been known as an area suffering from such severe corruption. Moreover, the issue of political dynasties has heated up in relation to the 2013 candidates for the Senate who come from one and the same family or clan and thus bear the same surname as another senator, or President Aquino himself. In this sense, loud public criticism and some cynicism greeted the announcement of senatorial candidates for the 2013 elections. One set belongs to the majority coalition: Bam Aquino, the President’s cousin; Sen. Alan Peter, brother of Sen. Pia Cayetano and others. Under the banner of the United Nationalist Alliance, led by Vice President Jejomar Binay, the senatorial candidates include his eldest daughter, Nancy; Rep. Juan Ponce Enrile Jr. who would be joining his father, the Senate President; Rep. J.V. Ejercito who would join his brother, Sen. Jinggoy Estrada. In this rumpus, we can also cite many provinces and cities with political dynasties giving no opportunity to other aspiring leaders which may be more competent. The major problem—one of the major problems, for there are several—one of the many major problems with governing people is that of whom you get to do it; or rather of who manages to get people to let them do it to them. To summarize: it is a well-known fact that those people who must want to rule people are, *ipso facto, those least suited to do it. To summarize the summary: anyone who is capable of getting themselves made government ofiicials should on no account be allowed to do the job. This year is our chance to contend with this. Make shrewd decisions and choices because our choices will affect our future. In the long run, we shape our lives, and we shape ourselves. The process never ends until we die. And the choices we make are ultimately our own responsibility. You and I are essentially infinite choice-makers. In every moment of our existence, we are in that field of all possibilities where we have access to infinity of choices. Choices. Choices. Choices. You are doomed to make them. This is life’s greatest paradox. The chains continue to ignite. I am part of the chain; you are part of the chain. Can we be chains of positive change? For sure, none would claim he has seen three sides of a coin. Decisions, coming by two, are always placed in the individual’s capacity to discern truthfulness and goodness against fallacy or wickedness. Are you HEADing out for a brighter country free from corruption and poverty or are you TAILing down on a movement towards gloomy befouled Philippines?

Free Essays on Symbolism Of A Goodman

Symbolism of a Goodman Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† in 1835. This story tells about a man’s day in his so called peaceful life. He follows a man on a journey to a meeting where he sees all the â€Å"nice† townspeople doing this very evil thing. Three symbols play very big parts though out the story they are Young Goodman Brown, his wife, Faith and the color pink. Young Goodman Brown is the most used symbol throughout the story. Not himself but, his name. Young shows that he is a young a new person in the town and is learning new ways. Goodman tells exactly what it says he is a good man, he very good with his life and the man with his wife, Faith and he wants nothing to do with anything does not involve her, ’†What a wretch am I to leave her on such a errand†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢(634) . And lastly Brown which tells that he is a common man he’s no king or anyone famous. Putting the name together Young Goodman Brown is an everyday man just living a day at a time. Faith, his wife is also a symbol though out the story. Right away in the story Brown leaves Faith on his way on this journey. Leaving Faith shows he is leaving faith in God as she is also since she went to attend this meeting of evil. Brown going on this journey instead of staying with Faith they both end up losing the faith they had in God. ‘â€Å"Faith! Faith!† cried the husband, â€Å"look up to heaven, and resist the wicked one†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (642). Calling for his wife did not help him get his wife back from the devil having him lose his faith in God also. Even though he put his faith against Faith he ended up losing all. Also, in the story the color pink is used as a symbol. Pink is used to tell different situations When Brown and Faith were very happy Faith, â€Å"letting the wind play with the pink ribbons of her cap while she called to Goodman Brown† (634). When Brown was on his journey and knew evil was around â€Å"But s... Free Essays on Symbolism Of A Goodman Free Essays on Symbolism Of A Goodman Symbolism of a Goodman Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† in 1835. This story tells about a man’s day in his so called peaceful life. He follows a man on a journey to a meeting where he sees all the â€Å"nice† townspeople doing this very evil thing. Three symbols play very big parts though out the story they are Young Goodman Brown, his wife, Faith and the color pink. Young Goodman Brown is the most used symbol throughout the story. Not himself but, his name. Young shows that he is a young a new person in the town and is learning new ways. Goodman tells exactly what it says he is a good man, he very good with his life and the man with his wife, Faith and he wants nothing to do with anything does not involve her, ’†What a wretch am I to leave her on such a errand†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢(634) . And lastly Brown which tells that he is a common man he’s no king or anyone famous. Putting the name together Young Goodman Brown is an everyday man just living a day at a time. Faith, his wife is also a symbol though out the story. Right away in the story Brown leaves Faith on his way on this journey. Leaving Faith shows he is leaving faith in God as she is also since she went to attend this meeting of evil. Brown going on this journey instead of staying with Faith they both end up losing the faith they had in God. ‘â€Å"Faith! Faith!† cried the husband, â€Å"look up to heaven, and resist the wicked one†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (642). Calling for his wife did not help him get his wife back from the devil having him lose his faith in God also. Even though he put his faith against Faith he ended up losing all. Also, in the story the color pink is used as a symbol. Pink is used to tell different situations When Brown and Faith were very happy Faith, â€Å"letting the wind play with the pink ribbons of her cap while she called to Goodman Brown† (634). When Brown was on his journey and knew evil was around â€Å"But s...

Gun Control

Gun Control Gun Control The issue of gun control is of immense significance to the United States for a number of reasons. Firstly, America is the only country in the world with 300 million firearms in circulation, which implies that virtually every adult possesses a firearm. This fact cannot but evoke deep concerns about an increase in homicide rates. Secondly, the point is that the murder rate in the U.S. is fifteen times higher than that in other developed countries, which have implemented stricter laws regulating the private ownership of firearms. As Major Michael Bloomberg mentioned, We are the only industrialized country that has this problem. The only one (In Other Countries, Laws are Strict and Work, 2012). Therefore, it can be reasonably argued that tougher gun laws will help to decrease the homicide rate, since it will be very hard to get any kind of weapons. To see how strict gun laws work, it is essential to consider practices of other countries. Australia is the brightest example. When a gunman shot thirty-five people in 1996, the government needed several weeks to ban shotguns and assault weapons, tighten licensing and finance buyback programs and gun amnesty. Since then, the homicide rate in Australia dropped by 59 %, and there were no gun massacres causing people deaths. Likewise, the British government imposed stricter gun laws after the school massacre in 1996, in Scotland. The authorities have banned all automatic weapons and almost all handguns, so that a person could not easily get even a hunting rifle. Further, in Japan, with its very tough laws, only eleven deaths were caused by firearms in 2008, whereas the same rate in the U.S. constituted 12,000 (In Other Countries, Laws are Strict and Work, 2012). According to other data, tougher gun laws are necessary, since weak gun control greatly contributes to an increase in justifiable civilian homicides, especially if combined with stand-your-ground-laws, implemented in the U.S. in 2005. Since then, as the Guardian analysis proves, the homicide rate has increased by 25%. What makes matters worse is that these measures encourage citizens to kill a potential enemy at once rather than try to escape or avoid threats first (Enten, 2012). It irreversibly leads to the fact that more people will carry guns in more places in order to defend themselves, which, in turn, cannot but cause a general increase in shootings. Besides, if more civilians carry firearms, it will be even easier for experienced criminals to steal weapons and kill people with their help. Although the opponents of tough gun laws, including Sohn (2012), argue that the latter will not prevent offenders from committing homicides, since criminals will find a way to access guns no matter what the rules are, this argument seems rather week. Firstly, even if a criminal is an insane person and wants to steal a gun, he will simply have no way to do that, since ordinary citizens will not carry weapons, and it will be rather hard to steal them from a police officer or specialized shops. Secondly, the Sohns (2012) argument that an armed citizen is one of the criminals biggest fears does not necessarily imply that an offender will not shoot at an armed person. Thirdly, the belief of Sowell (2012) that guns are not the problem but people including people who are determined to push gun control laws is false in essence: if there were no firearms, including other kind of weapons, there would be no murders. To sum up, taking into consideration the above mentioned facts, it can be claimed that stricter gun laws are necessary to reduce the number of homicides. This conclusion is based on the real data proving that limited access to firearms or even the complete prohibition of weapons really works. The prevailing opinion that these are not guns but people, who are guilty of the overwhelming number of murders, seriously undermines the possibility of human survival. It is true that homicides are usually committed by violent or insane people, but violence cannot overcome violence. If more and more individuals possess firearms, homicide rates will swiftly go up. Moreover, easy access to weapons will only intensify the already existing tendency that people get accustomed to murders and approve them as a means of self-defence. They become completely incapable of solving problems without weapons, and this phenomenon cannot but disturb. The wild west system of defence and justice is unacceptable i n the twenty-first century, if humanity wants to survive, and it is high time for every nation and country to acknowledge this.

10 Rules for Writing Numbers and Numerals

10 Rules for Writing Numbers and Numerals 10 Rules for Writing Numbers and Numerals 10 Rules for Writing Numbers and Numerals By Michael How do you express numbers in your writing? When do you use figures (digits) and when do you write out the number in words (letters)? That is, when do you write 9 and when do you write nine? 1. Number versus numeral. First things first, what is the difference between a number and a numeral? A number is an abstract concept while a numeral is a symbol used to express that number. Three, 3 and III are all symbols used to express the same number (or the concept of threeness). One could say that the difference between a number and its numerals is like the difference between a person and her name. 2. Spell small numbers out. The small numbers, such as whole numbers smaller than ten, should be spelled out. Thats one rule you can count on. If you dont spell numbers out it will look like youre sending an instant message, and you want to be more formal than that in your writing. 3. No other standard rule: Experts dont always agree on other rules. Some experts say that any one-word number should be written out. Two-word numbers should be expressed in figures. That is, they say you should write out twelve or twenty. But not 24. 4. Using the comma. In English, the comma is used as a thousands separator (and the period as a decimal separator), to make large numbers easier to read. So write the size of Alaska as 571,951 square miles instead of 571951 square miles. In Continental Europe the opposite is true, periods are used to separate large numbers and the comma is used for decimals. Finally, the International Systems of Units (SI) recommends that a space should be used to separate groups of three digits, and both the comma and the period should be used only to denote decimals, like $13 200,50 (the comma part is a mess I know). 5. Dont start a sentence with a numeral. Make it Fourscore and seven years ago, not 4 score and 7 years ago. That means you might have to rewrite some sentences: Fans bought 400,000 copies the first day instead of 400,000 copies were sold the first day. 6. Centuries and decades should be spelled out. Use the Eighties or nineteenth century. 7. Percentages and recipes. With everyday writing and recipes you can use digits, like 4% of the children or Add 2 cups of brown rice. In formal writing, however, you should spell the percentage out like 12 percent of the players (or twelve percent of the players, depending on your preference as explained in point three). 8. If the number is rounded or estimated, spell it out. Rounded numbers over a million are written as a numeral plus a word. Use About 400 million people speak Spanish natively, instead of About 400,000,000 people speak Spanish natively. If youre using the exact number, youd write it out, of course. 9. Two numbers next to each other. It can be confusing if you write 7 13-year-olds, so write one of them as a numeral, like seven 13-year-olds. Pick the number that has the fewest letters. 10. Ordinal numbers and consistency. Dont say He was my 1st true love, but rather He was my first true love. Be consistent within the same sentence. If my teacher has 23 beginning students, she also has 18 advanced students, not eighteen advanced students. Video Recap Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Synonyms for â€Å"Leader†50 Nautical Terms in General UseEnglish Grammar 101: Sentences, Clauses and Phrases

Anja Balanskat, Stella Kefala and Roger Blamire Research Paper

Anja Balanskat, Stella Kefala and Roger Blamire - Research Paper Example In primary schools in Europe, the authors note that use of ICT improves achievement in English as a home language in addition to encouraging better performance in science and design in children aged from seven to sixteen years. Schools with well developed ICT programs and related resources demonstrate better achievement in all subjects compared to those with poor levels of the technology. However, better performance while using ICT in schools is realized if education policy makers establish favorable environment for effective application of the technology in educational institutions (Anja, Stella and Roger, 14). Use of ICT in learning institutions has remarkable impacts on teachers and teaching process. According to Anja, Stella and Roger(17) the technology increases enthusiasm among the instructors leading to heightened positive attitude towards their careers. Ina addition, ICT enhances their efficiency especially in preparation of teaching plans. Effective use of information manage ment systems while teaching encourage collaborative learning among teachers leading to better teaching experience. However, various barriers impede realization of projected gains of adopting information technology. These include poor ICT competence in the teaching fraternity, which lowers their confidence in the class while applying the technology. In addition, poor organization, inadequate maintenance of ICT hardware and limited access to appropriate ICT infrastructure prevents learners from gaining maximum benefits from ICT technology (Anja, Stella and Roger, 17-28). 2. Ellen, Wartellla and Nancy Jennings. â€Å"Children and Computers: New Technology, Old Concerns.† The Future of Children, 10.2(2000): 31-40. The authors examine the concerns of increased exposure of children to computer applications and related technology. According to, Ellen and Nancy (32), wired computer provides the modern society with new mass media including computer games, CD ROMs and the web. In Unite d States, about 60% of homes with young children aged from eight to seventeen years own computers that are connected to the internet with intention of learning (Ellen and Nancy, 33). However, Ellen and Nancy notes that the society needs to balance the educational benefits of using computers with the potential harms. The authors compare the recent controversy of using computer technology with the controversies that characterized application of earlier technologies such radio, television films and movies. Introduction of films in American society in the early 1900 was met with considerable support from parents who considered them as important sources of entertainment and education to their children. Later, the same society that supported watching of films especially among young children began opposing them on the grounds that they promoted immorality, violence and delinquency in children and teenagers. These concerns raised the issue of censorship and restricting access of various fil m and movie content to the children (Ellen and Nancy, 35). Unlike film industry that was regulated later after the society raised concerns about its effects on children, radio was regulated by the federal government immediately after it was introduced. Similarly, introduction of

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis Essay

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis - Essay Example Nevertheless, for a number of children the disease can become critical and necessitate hospitalization owing to complex lower respiratory path virus that include bronchiolitis and pneumonia which can cause permanent lung injury and may result in death (Owen, 18-19). About 20,000 RSV infected children in Britain are sent to hospital every year and the death rate among these children is 0.5-1.5% (Collins and Pollard, 10-17). A research in the USA stated that RSV bronchiolitis was the main cause of children hospitalization throughout 1997-2000 (Leader and Kohlhase, S142-149). Children at high danger of getting serious RSV infection comprise of babies below 6 months. Critical RSV disease has also been linked with lower socio-economic position (Collins and Pollard, 10-17). RSV is extremely transmittable and can be permeate air-borne drops, fomites, by direct communication with emission and through the healthcare team taking care for children with RSV disease. RSV can comprise of a large number of hospital-acquired diseases in children and presents a unique challenge to paediatric wards throughout the winter outbreak. As diseases in the community rises there is an influx of children with critical RSV diseases to paediatric wards and the diseases is passed to children exposed to critical RSV diseases and healthcare personnel in these wards. A study of nosocomial RSV diseases in paediatric wards indicated that hospital-acquired RSV throughout the 1960s and 70s could be as high as 100% of hospitalization (Mlinaric-Galinovic and Varda-Brkic, 237-246). Yet, more researches have proved nosocomial diseases to vary from 1%-29% of hospitalizations conditional on the infection control methods employed (Madge et al, 1079-1083). It has also been proved that the danger of nosocomial RSV rises with the period of hospitalization. As cure and prophylaxis of RSV diseases have inadequate achievement, it is necessary that the contiguity of RSV disease is stopped through disease control. A number of researches have proved that conformity of infection control and cohorting of patients can decrease hospital-acquired RSV to a minimum level (Doherty et al, 203-206). Prognosis RSV disease can, in exceptional cases, trigger fatalities in children. Nevertheless, this is improbable if the children are consulted by a healthcare provider early during the complaint. More critical RSV infection may be observed in: Premature children Children with constant lung infection Children whose immune system does not function well Children with some kinds of heart ailment In older children and youths, the illness will generally be mild. Some data implies that children who have had RSV bronchiolitis are at greater danger for asthma. Its Treatment Treatment for children with bronchiolitis created by respiratory RSV consists of supplemental oxygenation, nasal suction, liquids to stop dehydration, and other helpful treatments. Susceptible children who should be hospitalized comprise of those under three months and those with a preterm birth, cardiopulmonary illness, immunodeficiency, respiratory pain, or insufficient oxygenation. Inhaled beta2-agonist bronchodilators and

Investigating Entrepreneurial Opportunities of business that focuses Essay

Investigating Entrepreneurial Opportunities of business that focuses main on setting up swimming pools and fountains in the gardens of houses - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that in the recent year, the American construction industry has developed in a very drastic way. Nonetheless, there are very few construction companies that have specialized in setting up swimming pools and fountains in the gardens of houses. The few companies that are doing this have dominated the business giving room to monopoly. The problem with monopoly is that the people in business are able to control the business for lack of competition. According to Grant monopoly disadvantages, the consumer in many ways but mostly is the fact that they have no options to choose from and hence are vulnerable to manipulation and exploitation from the monopolists. Many at times they are forced to pay high rates and prices. This is because the consumers need the services or the product but are limited to choice. This is regardless of whether the product and services are of the right quality. The above situation is the reason why the researchers decided to start a business that focuses mainly on setting up swimming pools and fountains in the gardens of houses. Every American home is now embarking on setting up swimming pools in their backyard or at least a fountain. New homes and those that have been constructed before are all seeking to have an extra facility that will make the house more self-sustained and reliant. Apart from home, new markets like hotels and resort centers are very attractive since clients want to go to places that can meet their leisure needs. Combining these two potential markets the business is guaranteed to succeed and make profits. There are other opportunities related to the same like cleaning and maintaining of the swimming pools and springs. The researchers intend to specialize in this area also in order to guarantee our clients a complete package that will run even after the installation or set up of the pool or spring. By specializing in this business, it means that even construction companies that do not set up swimming pools and fountains will be seeking to give our business sub-contracts in order to satisfy their clients. Likewise, individual homeowners will be seeking our services when the construction companies they are working with are not able to facilitate this service. For a start, such a business will need a trained team that will work on commission for every work done. A training program will also be put in place for new employees in order to make sure that they are working within our standards.

WOMEN'S ROLE IN HISTORY FROM 1700 THROUGH PRESENT, THEIR SOCIAL CHANGE Essay

WOMEN'S ROLE IN HISTORY FROM 1700 THROUGH PRESENT, THEIR SOCIAL CHANGE TO SOCIETY - Essay Example That is, defying the traditional gender roles which are unanimously acknowledged by a patriarchal society, women have entered into male spheres and performed those male activities quite successfully. A critical analysis of the history of the changes in women’s role will necessarily reveal that these changes were, for the first time, induced during the Enlightenment Period in Europe. During that age, women were considered as mentally and physically weak. They were thought to be fit for indoor jobs such childrearing, maintaining house and hearth, cooking, washing, etc. Though women were excluded from public affairs and outdoor activities, Enlightenment scholars like Mary Wollstonecraft called for changes in the prejudiced view about women (Kreis, 2012, pars. 3). But during the early 18th century, public awareness about women’s education began to increase in the metropolitan areas of England and France. They started to participate in French Salons increasingly (Goodman, 19 94, p. 43). In public affairs, they appeared most as singers, though not professionals. But during the late 18th century, the epoch-making event, Industrial Revolution, seemed to change the whole scenario about women’s traditional role as a wife and a mother. Before the Industrial Revolution, men’s and women’s social role were highly distinctive. In a family, men were mainly considered as the breadwinner and women were dependent on their male counterparts for their bread and butter. But the Revolution, technology-based industries began to burgeon at a rapid rate, creating more opportunities for women to be involved in earning activities, as Hudson (2011) notes, â€Å"Many young people, especially young women, migrated to towns and cities in search of work as the possibilities of agricultural employment declined.† (pars. 5). During the Enlightenment period, women’s outdoor was limited to cultivation. Most the

Why was the Washington consensus irresistible in Latin America Essay - 1

Why was the Washington consensus irresistible in Latin America - Essay Example ones. It came about as a result of a wave of globalisation. A number of historical occurrences had also led to the prevailing situation. This paper will trace the evolution of policy in the Latin American region in the decades prior to the consensus and during its actual adoption. The analysis will demonstrate how international banks as well as official financial institutions, politics, economic fundamentals as well as prevailing ideologies shaped the diffusion of neoliberalism in the region. Why the consensus was irresistible to Latin America The Washington Consensus took shape in the early 1990s starting with Mexico and Chile. Colombia, Argentina, Brazil, Guatemala, Peru, Venezuela and Bolivia would all follow suit. Fiscal adjustment was a key component of neoliberalism in this Consensus. Several countries removed fiscal deficits through changes in subsidy and taxation policies. Government was to step aside and let the market allocate resources on its own. Additionally, privatisati on was also a crucial part of the reforms. Latin American governments were known for their heavy handedness in controlling their economies but these were privatised. Loss making in state enterprises As mentioned, Latin American governments had played a dominant role in the ownership of state enterprises. However, by the 1970s and 80s, it became evident that these enterprises were no longer making money (Gwynne, 2004). Creditors to the Latin American nations made them realise the benefit of privatising those institutions in order to make them profitable again. Since the US was one of the key lenders to Latin American countries, it soon became inevitable for these nations to privatise their institutions in order to boost the efficiency of their economies. Between 1980 and 1983, Latin America suffered from the problem of domestic debt. At the time, the countries had debt obligations to financial institutions outside the region. They were advised by the IMF to either increase their expo rts or minimise expenditure. Since these nations had a poor exporting history, many of them chose the easier option of curbing imports in their countries. This was sufficient to create a trade surplus of about $ 242.9 billion by the end of the year (Green, 2003). However, debts owed were almost close to these figures as they stood at $218.6 billion by the end of the decade. External debt as a percentage of GDP Source: Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, 2009. Imbalances of Latin American fiscal accounts. [online] Available at http://www.frbatlanta.org/pubs/econsouth/imbalances_in_latin_american_fiscal_accounts_whyunited_states_should_care.cfm Accessed 18 December 2013] The graph illustrates the precarious situation in which Latin America found itself in the late 1980s. Its debts had reached unsustainable levels. In order to meet these obligations, Latin American economies somehow had to find a way of converting their trade surplus into dollars. However, because most state-owned institu tions were not generating positive rates of return, it was necessary to create avenues of accessing earnings from the private sector. These governments somehow managed to convince private investors to purchase government bonds in exchange for their currencies. Countries like Mexico and Brazil used very high interest rates to achieve these outcomes (Williamson, 1990). Essentially,

WOMEN'S ROLE IN HISTORY FROM 1700 THROUGH PRESENT, THEIR SOCIAL CHANGE Essay

WOMEN'S ROLE IN HISTORY FROM 1700 THROUGH PRESENT, THEIR SOCIAL CHANGE TO SOCIETY - Essay Example That is, defying the traditional gender roles which are unanimously acknowledged by a patriarchal society, women have entered into male spheres and performed those male activities quite successfully. A critical analysis of the history of the changes in women’s role will necessarily reveal that these changes were, for the first time, induced during the Enlightenment Period in Europe. During that age, women were considered as mentally and physically weak. They were thought to be fit for indoor jobs such childrearing, maintaining house and hearth, cooking, washing, etc. Though women were excluded from public affairs and outdoor activities, Enlightenment scholars like Mary Wollstonecraft called for changes in the prejudiced view about women (Kreis, 2012, pars. 3). But during the early 18th century, public awareness about women’s education began to increase in the metropolitan areas of England and France. They started to participate in French Salons increasingly (Goodman, 19 94, p. 43). In public affairs, they appeared most as singers, though not professionals. But during the late 18th century, the epoch-making event, Industrial Revolution, seemed to change the whole scenario about women’s traditional role as a wife and a mother. Before the Industrial Revolution, men’s and women’s social role were highly distinctive. In a family, men were mainly considered as the breadwinner and women were dependent on their male counterparts for their bread and butter. But the Revolution, technology-based industries began to burgeon at a rapid rate, creating more opportunities for women to be involved in earning activities, as Hudson (2011) notes, â€Å"Many young people, especially young women, migrated to towns and cities in search of work as the possibilities of agricultural employment declined.† (pars. 5). During the Enlightenment period, women’s outdoor was limited to cultivation. Most the

Globalization and the New World Order Assignment

Globalization and the New World Order - Assignment Example This has encouraged entrepreneurs to venture into business opportunities. Compared to the 50s, many economies have grown exponentially. For example, China has been a notable economy rising fast (OECD International Trade Statistics, 2010). The reason behind China’s rocketing economy is its investments in foreign direct investments (FDI). China has continued to make investments in other countries and is currently the leading country in terms of revenue from the foreign direct investments. So has globalization created a new world order? An individual needs to have the meaning of ‘new world order’ to answer the question. New world order generally refers to change in the global trend. New world order summarizes the numerous explanations of common human behavior across the entire world. Globalization has made it possible for people all across the world to communicate and share with each other (James, 2009). The fact that, majority of the people worldwide are affected by globalization, directly or indirectly, make globalization a trend setter or a common factor in the world. Hence to state that globalization has created a new world order makes complete sense. Globalization affects every economy in the world regardless of the economics’ strength and stability. Big economies have invested in other smaller economy. Developing nations have strengthened their economies due to the revenue gotten from international trade. The new world order has also improved on the living standards and lifestyles in the developing countries (James, 2009). One of the fundamental economic factor that globalization, or the new world order, has had a major influence is the creation or jobs. Ranging from countries based investments to multinational corporations; the job opportunities have life easy for ‘the worker’. Question 2; Globalization is Dead? Globalization can be the cultural, economic or social interaction between two or more people from different origins. To date, people travel globally as tourists to other counties. The major attraction in tourism is culture. People love to explore cultures in form of art like; music, paintings, dancing and publications (Norris, 2009). The mode of dressing has made the fashion industry boom to become a multi-billion industry. Artistic ideas continue to be exchanged all over the world. Due to the high levels of technology, one does not need to leave his motherland to experience this cultural interaction. One can simply access the internet and other sources of information media that are available to them. Economically, businesses still strive to find new markets. Both large scaled, and small scaled, businesses have and continue to be created due to the endless interaction of people. Investors from foreign countries invest in a country; hence, improving the individual’s lives. Ideas also borrowed from other countries also become successful ventures. Globalization continues to create bu siness and trade opportunities that help in develop any economy or the livelihood of any person (Keith, 2006). Socially globalization has made changes in the way of life. Some social occasions like sporting events promote the interaction of people from different origin. Olympics have over the years been a prominent sporting event that attracts athletes from all over the world. In some European and Latin countries, street festivals attract millions of tourists. Among the many globalization elements, socially, religion is the most spread among the world population. People have and continue to change their religious belief (Elliott, 2009). This is as a result of the infinite interaction of pe

Greater happiness for a greater number Essay Example for Free

Greater happiness for a greater number Essay 1. Major strengths and weaknesses of this goal. a.   Major Strengths I think that the definition of happiness presented in the lecture is simple and elegant.   In addition, I think that the very attempt to address the issue of happiness is necessary and should really form the basis of psychology. b.   Major Weaknesses While I agree that psychology should have happiness as the optimal mental state from which to address patient’s mental health issues, I think there are some weaknesses in the approach to determine how to get clients—or people in general, to understand exactly what constitutes happiness. 2. Major personal insights gained After reviewing the lecture materials and much thought, I found it interesting that the approach to happiness is limited only to â€Å"physical† considerationswhen it is evident that people who have all the physical comforts and advantages are not the most happy. 3. Personal and professional application (if any) of some of the content. a. Personal application of some of the content While I consider myself a happy person, I think it is primarily from the standpoint of being fortunate to have met my physical needs (positive environment, life experiences, status, possessions). However, I’m becoming more aware that these things do not exclusively determine happiness. b. Professional application of some of the content    I am concerned that while all the approaches fail by analogy to define man as an animal, they still call him one. Man isn’t simply an animal. Why?   Animals lack the ability to have, express and satisfy these needs (e.g., an animal can’t compose a symphony, or create art).   Also, animals do not kill or create problems for other animals for reasons of envy, hate or jealousy—only human beings do.   I intend to consider the content, but to research and possibly assist to develop new ideas about how to assist individuals address their needs by first understanding that they are already complete human beings—no matter their circumstances, who simply seek various ways to express themselves. Until we understand this we can’t help society. 4. React to major areas of interest After some thought about Freud and Maslow’s approaches I began to feel that the flaws in these two approaches permeate all approaches to a â€Å"model† of happiness. All major approaches are devoid of spirituality, or the idea that man is more than an animal with physical needs. I feel that man is a spiritual being that is fulfilling or expressing himself, through his body, based on higher-level needs. I feel that this approach keeps individuals unhappy.   Why?   We perpetuate the myth that only through obtaining physical things, or outside circumstances can we achieve happiness.   I want to make positive psychology the cornerstone of my clinical approach, and use coaching models compatible with an area I feel needs more exploration: how to impact people suffering from pain, to increase their happiness potential regardless of their â€Å"physical† (social, economic, etc.) circumstances.

ob Characteristic Model and Internal Motivation

ob Characteristic Model and Internal Motivation The Job Characteristics Model (JCM) is an approach to job redesign that seeks to formulate jobs in ways that motivate workers and lead to positive work outcome (Williams McWilliams, 2010). Job characteristics model helps the employee on enriched their jobs by using the five core job characteristics that include skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback, followed by three critical psychological states, which are meaningful work, responsibility work, and knowledge about the performance. These five core job characteristics and three critical psychological states will lead to create jobs that result in effective work and positive personal outcomes. The purpose of the essay is to explain the main concern of job characteristics model and to identify the five core jobs characteristics in Sunway College lecturers work practices. DISCUSSION The main concern of the JCM is internal motivation. Internal motivation is motivation that comes from itself rather than from outside rewards (Williams McWilliams, 2010). The more effort given by the employee, the more motivated they will be. The JCM give the relationship between three classes of variables: critical psychological states (CPSs), core job dimensions (CJDs), and affective outcomes (AOs). Working with internal motivation occurs when the employee realized that there was a relationship between three critical psychological states and core job dimensions. First, they experience meaningful work because they believe their works are important and worthwhile, by enhanced skill variety, task identity, and task significance. Second, they experience personally responsible for the outcomes of the work, by presence the job autonomy. Third, they learn to know how well they performed their jobs by job feedback. If these critical psychological states are fulfilled with well core job dimensions, the employee will experience well work outcomes with high internal work motivation, high satisfaction, high-quality performance, productivity improvement, effective work, and reduced percentage of employee absence and turnover. Managers can use JCM to motivate the employee, but, how about lecturers? Lecturers work closely related with students. Same as JCM in managers work, lecturers work practice is to motivate students to positive learning outcomes. Both lecturer and students are in a rule using five core job characteristics, which are skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback. The lecturers are in managerial roles providing tasks, structuring the task, training a group of student, giving evaluate of students performance, and giving reward. The students are in an employee rule learning what lecturers want from the task, taking training, learning lecturers skills, finishing task, receiving reward. Application of job characteristics model to lecturers work practice is attained by increasing five core job characteristics in their course. The first component of core job characteristics is skill variety. Skill variety in lecturers work practice means a various complex skills of lecturers required to complete the course. Lecturers in Sunway College increasing skill variety by giving assignment, so student can increase their skill variety through written assignment referring to internet or book resources, library research, analysing and developing a case or oral presentation of material. Lecturers also asking students to discuss in a group, so that students can discuss in a group with each group member who have different knowledge, abilities, skills, and experiences. With this diversity, a group work can solve problem much better than individual work and can also increase skill variety of each group member. The second component is task identity. Task identity in lecturers work practise means lecturers are responsible to complete their course from beginning to the end. Every lecturer in Sunway College is responsible to manage their time to deliver lesson in a given time. Lecturer learn to separate each chapter of subject in to two or three times of lecture, and giving workshop to provide briefing about assignment, practical for doing assignment using computer, and tutorial class to explain about each chapter of course in more details. For students, this task identity is allowing student to learn and do assignment from beginning to the end. The students do this in various ways, such as answering questions before the tutorial classes, working on both individual and group tasks to share and develop idea, submit assignment on time, make presentations, and may conduct a study research. The third component is task significance. Task significance in lecturers work practice means lecturers give an understanding to students that the knowledge or skill they have learned not only for courses grades but also for their future job. Lecturers in Sunway College give an understanding by using examples, if necessary from his or her life experiences that the subjects are given can be applied in a family environment, social environment or working environment. Lecturer also gives students a case about nowadays family, organisation, or social problem, and asks students to apply the material that given to solve that problem. So, students realize that the material can help them not only in class, but also outside the class. The fourth component is autonomy. Autonomy in lecturers work practice means lecturers have an opportunity to do their work with their own initiative and make their own decision in carrying out the course. For example, lecture in Sunway College has initiative to enhance students autonomy, so he or she makes a decision in giving assignment by asking students to conduct any research they wanted as long as it was still related to the topic that he or she has told. In this situation, the students do the research without any guidelines. They select what researches they want as long as it remains relate to the topic; do research with observation, interview, or distributed questionnaire, and at the end students must submit assignment on time. The last component is feedback. Feedback in lecturers work practice means how well the lecturers doing their course. Lecturer in Sunway College get feedback from students, they try to understand how students responses about his or her performance. They can also seek information from their head of faculty about all phases of their course, is there any protest from students about his or her teaching method. The students can also get feedback, not only get feedback from lecturer but also get directly feedback. For example, in practical courses, when the program successfully runs, it means students performed well, so get good feedback. CONCLUSION JCM can be used to motivate all employees in all industries, provided that the managers know how to properly apply the five core job characteristics on their employees. Not only managers and the employees but also lecturers and student must realize that they all have a responsible to give the best performance by giving the best in skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback. Lecturers take managerial role for motivating students to positive learning outcomes, and students take employee role for doing the best to reach positive learning outcomes.

Oprah Winfrey :: essays research papers

On January 29. 1954 Oprah Gail Winfrey was born to unwed teenage parents in Kosciusko, Mississippi. For the first six years of her life her grandmother raised her on a Mississippi farm. While in her grandmother’s care she was taught to read at a very early age. This grew into a love of reading that she still has today. At the age of six her mother, Vernita Lee, decided that she could care for her daughter and Oprah was sent to live with her mother in Milwaukee. From the age of six to thirteen, Oprah stayed with her mother. During this time a cousin raped her when she was nine years old and later she was molested by a male friend of her mother’s and by an uncle. She never told anyone about the abuse that she was suffering. Instead, she held her angry and pain inside and she rebelled. She repeatedly ran away and got into trouble. She was sent to live with her father Vernon Winfrey in Nashville when she was thirteen. Her father helped her with discipline. He encouraged Oprah to do her best. Oprah’s father helped her turn her life around. Oprah has spoken of his requirement that she read a book each week and completes a book report on the book. At the age of nineteen Oprah landed her first job as a reporter for a radio station in Nashville. Later she entered Tennessee State University to study radio and television broadcasting. In 1976 Oprah Winfrey moved to Baltimore where she hosted a TV show called People Are Talking. The show was a hit and Winfrey stayed for eight years. In 1986 Oprah started the Oprah Winfrey Show. Oprah has been honored with the most prestigious awards in broadcasting including the George Foster Peabody individual Achievement award in 1996 and the National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences lifetime Achievement award in 1998. In June 1998,

Ground rules for students Essay

As a teacher I have a duty to provide an environment that facilitates a positive learning journey for my students, one of the ways to do this is by introducing some ground rules. Ground rules can be used to underpin unacceptable behaviour and reinforce respect for others. Ground rules are defined as boundaries, rules and conditions which enable students to work safely and learn. Ground rules can be divided into two groups, imposed and negotiable. As a teacher I have imposed ground rules which are not negotiable, some for Health and Safety reasons and others for the smooth running of my class. No smoking, prevention of fires and following health and safety regulations are ground rules which are set in stone. Arriving to class on time, respecting others views and beliefs, not interrupting and no offensive language are ground rules I impose to help my classes run as smoothly as possible. Negotiable ground rules are equally as important as imposed and I discuss them with my students so we can come to a mutual agreement regarding issues such as dress code, length of breaks and turning off mobile phones. Negotiable ground rules empower students and let them take ownership of those rules thus ensuring they recognise appropriate behaviour. Once the ground rules have been established it is important they are maintained. I will remind the learners about their rules for example if someone is late I will ensure they understand the need for punctuality ensuring the ground rules have value and their other students will continue to respect them. I will always follow the ground rules that are set helping to create a culture of mutual compliance and leading by example. As a teacher I have a duty to provide an environment that facilitates a positive learning journey for my students, one of the ways to do this is by  introducing some ground rules. Ground rules can be used to underpin unacceptable behaviour and reinforce respect for others. Ground rules are defined as boundaries, rules and conditions which enable students to work safely and learn. Ground rules can be divided into two groups, imposed and negotiable. As a teacher I have imposed ground rules which are not negotiable, some for Health and Safety reasons and others for the smooth running of my class. No smoking, prevention of fires and following health and safety regulations are ground rules which are set in stone. Arriving to class on time, respecting others views and beliefs, not interrupting and no offensive language are ground rules I impose to help my classes run as smoothly as possible. Negotiable ground rules are equally as important as imposed and I discuss them with my students so we can come to a mutual agreement regarding issues such as dress code, length of breaks and turning off mobile phones. Negotiable ground rules empower students and let them take ownership of those rules thus ensuring they recognise appropriate behaviour. Once the ground rules have been established it is important they are maintained. I will remind the learners about their rules for example if someone is late I will ensure they understand the need for punctuality ensuring the ground rules have value and their other students will continue to respect them. I will always follow the ground rules that are set helping to create a culture of mutual compliance and leading by example.

Coming to Terms Essay

In â€Å"A Look at the Intersection of Fine Dining and Fast Food†, Brenda Falk discusses the differences and similarities in fast food and fine dining. Her main focus throughout the article is the new found overlap in these two dining techniques. She also seems to feel that soon these two dining techniques could easily become one known as â€Å"quick casual†. In this article she jumps around from point to point whether it be reasoning behind certain dining styles, types of changes in these styles, or how they affect each other. Her argument was based fully on fast food restaurants adopting ideas from fine dining restaurants . Falk inserts an inordinate amount of her own feelings on the topic and doesn’t analyze the subject as well as she should have. She focuses mainly on the fast food business while lacking in her analysis of fine dining. She also should have made the paper more about what caused the changes in the restaurant business instead of the changes themselves. In the essay Falk has many examples of foods and restaurants that have changed and became noticed for their modern style, such as Panera Bread and Chipotle. She appeals to a large audience by adding examples many people can relate too. On the other hand, her article is extremely biased in multiple ways. She makes too many generalizations that may not particularly be true in some cases. For example she states, â€Å" the fact that people today hate to make choices, preferring to have the best of both worlds†¦ † (Falk,33). This may not be exactly true for everyone. She uses the previous quote to support her argument in saying that since people are so indecisive quick casual would be a good alternative. Another instance is when she states, â€Å"There are significantly more calories at table service restaurants† (Falk, 35). The prior quote shows her bias towards dine-in restaurants because she only uses negative examples of fine dining. Furthermore, her essay is very restricted. She aims her essay towards adults and college students with her use of language and examples of certain restaurants; But a lot of her writing makes you think otherwise. The core of her essay is stating that quick casual is the new alternative to fine and fast food dining. Though she never takes into consideration the ideas of being a vegetarian or that college students have dining halls or even the fact that not all people eat out. She had good arguments but they did not affect the people they were meant to affect. One of her main argumentative statements is at the very end of her essay when she says, â€Å"The country is focused on problems with obesity and poor eating habits †¦.. until major changes are made, food prepared at home will almost always be healthier than food eaten away from home† (Falk,36) . These type of statements should have been more prominent in the essay, she only brings up this type of conflict in the last paragraph and nowhere else. By tying in the eating at home or the obesity aspect more, she would have had a strong argument. As mention earlier, if she touched on all the aspects possible that would have made her essay more relevant Some of her most outstanding focuses were â€Å"Trend Mapping† and the â€Å"Trickle Down Theory†. Trend mapping helps culinary experts predict which menu items will be popular in the future. The trickle down theory helps quick casual restaurants enhance their menu with more fine dining dishes. These ideas help customers make smart choices. I was impressed with her inclusion of these two innovations because they go right along with her topic and fit into the main idea . Even though her essay was poorly structured at some points, there were also some good points throughout. I feel that her style was very laid back and readable because she used places her target audience have been and can relate to, as examples. Brenda Falk creates this article with the objective of describing the many similarities between the food industry and that the in between â€Å"quick casual† style is the most convenient. She successfully describes these similarities and elaborates on the new innovative style but never fully creates a legitimate argument. If she discussed more on the topic of eating at home or the factor of money or even brought in some positives of fine dining, that could have created a stronger argument. She has a great sense of organization and style but needs to focus more on her analysis of the topic.

Logic Cannot Prove the Existence of God Essay

For Anselm, using logic that can be deducted about God, it is clear to see that God’s existence is necessary. In the second ontological argument from Anselm, God is the greatest being possible; it is greater to exist by necessity than by contingence, it is therefore, impossible for God to not exist. In this argument, God’s existence is an analytic statement, it is impossible to prove that God exists and although Anselm believes that it does not need to be proven, there is no way of knowing that it is analytic. For example take triangles, every triangle that anyone can ever think of will have 3 sides that all add up to 180 degrees, that is simply a part of what a triangle is. Humans can however, prove this by drawing every possible triangle and testing them to see, with God’s existence that is not possible. For humans to consider his existence as an analytic statement, they would have to go faith and logic alone. In a way God’s existence could be a synthetic statement, which would mean that it would need to proven before the statement was true or not, the reason for this is because whether God exists or not does not prove his existence in reality as Anselm suggests in his argument. Kant would agree with this as he reviews Anselm’s ontological argument by saying that God’s existence is not a predicate, existence may be a part of the concept of God, but it does not proof that God exists. Descarte would also agree with the statement, as in his ontological argument he sets out that God is a perfect being, a part of being perfect is existing, and therefore God must exist. Descarte also uses the idea of the triangle in his argument, he writes that even if we think of triangles having four sides, the truth will not change; the triangle will remain to have 3 sides. For Descarte the triangle is God, he believes that God is immutable and will not change even if humans think he does not exist. Descarte would argue that logic can be used to prove the existence of God, he believes that God has instilled in humans an idea of God, which is that he is perfect, in this Descarte agrees with Anselm he then however, writes that we cannot talk of God unless he exists as a part of being God is existing. His argument, for Descarte, demonstrates God’s existence this argument is a priori and uses pure logic, and so for him God’s existence is an analytic statement.

Personal ethics inventory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personal ethics inventory - Essay Example If one limits these two factors then this world would be uproar of disputes and war. Therefore, prudent choices and tolerance makes us survive and live with each other. My blind spot includes the fact that I cater to my own needs and prioritizes myself over others who are reliant on me, which is true as a person living independently free of responsibilities tends to adapt this behaviour which is commonly seen in the society. Although, my strength, free will enables me to pursue my aims and achieve my objectives as an independent soul. Though, I analyze racial differences and stereotype notions in the light of my experience, but consequently I do tend to incline to the idea which is usually profitable to all, either politically or materially. However, it is not always a fair and just decision. Through this ethnical inventory, I have learnt that intuition and sensibility are vital for reflective process, thus, it enables us to see what lens we use to judge others and simultaneously how others see us through their ethnical

Production and Marketing Department Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Production and Marketing Department - Assignment Example Through quality, the firm would be able to make more sales hence improving their scale of revenue. On the other hand, production department can lower operations cost by being efficient, creativity, good production and good management of resources in the organization. The two organs are in some way find it challenging to come to conscientious as to how they should operate. Production department usually try to find the best quality in order to meet their clients need as much as possible. How the customer expects the product or service to be like or perform is what drives them. Contrary, marketing department operates differently. Maximizing sales in the market in order to increase revenue to the firm is their major concern. Quality is never in their mind, and as long as they are making sales, they feel that they are doing the right thing. Specifications of the products also cause conflict among the two organs. Production section gives their specifications based on what they have produced and designed. With the marketing side aims at maximizing sales of the company, they always try to make specification appealing to the customers which may not always be the case. This becomes a challenge to the management since they need to close the gap to avoid it affecting reputation of the company. Perceived and actual quality should not have a huge gap between them. Marketing segment gives promises to the customers explaining how good and effective the product is. If it performs below the target, it always lays its finger in production unit for making them overstate the product’s performance, creating further conflict. In conclusion, organizations achievements are based on how they operate. It is important to have production and marketing department working together to avoid challenges explained above. If each unit does only its core role, conflicts are bound to arise.